髌骨稳定性的解剖学与生物力学研究进展

被引:39
作者
蒋仕林
赵金忠
机构
[1] 上海交通大学附属第六人民医院骨科
关键词
股骨滑车; Q角; 内侧髌股韧带; 髂胫束; 股内侧斜肌;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R684 [关节疾病及损伤]; R322 [人体解剖学]; R318.01 [生物力学];
学科分类号
100103 [病原生物学]; 100107 [人体解剖与组织胚胎学(人体解剖学、组织与胚胎学)]; 100220 [骨科学];
摘要
正常髌股关节的骨性结构(关节形态和下肢力线)和软组织结构(静力装置和动力装置)组成髌股关节的解剖结构,有利于维持髌骨的稳定性。股骨滑车凹软骨的深度及两侧滑坡的坡度在抑制非平衡力诱发髌骨半脱位或脱位时扮演着重要角色,Q角偏大时增大髌骨的外向牵拉力·膝关节屈曲0°~20°时内侧髌股韧带在阻止髌骨脱位的软组织中发挥50%~60%的作用,股内侧斜肌纤维不是经由股四头肌腱而是直接附着于髌骨内侧缘,并独立于其他肌肉,由独立的神经支配。股内侧斜肌完全松解后,髌骨稳定性将降低30%。髌股关节的解剖出现异常,可直接导致髌骨不稳定,或成为其他不稳定因素作用的基础。详细了解髌股关节的解剖学与生物力学,对髌骨不稳定的诊断及治疗方案的选择有重要的指导意义。
引用
收藏
页码:15 / 17
页数:3
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