南非严重耐多药结核基因型的多样性

被引:3
作者
CKMlambo [1 ]
RMWarren [2 ]
XPoswa [3 ]
TCVictor [2 ]
AGDuse [1 ]
EMarais [1 ]
郑晓静
张宗德
机构
[1] Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease,National Health Laboratory Services and University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,Gauteng
[2] Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Biomedical Tuberculosis Research,Medical Research Centre(MRC)Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology,Stellenbosch University,Western Cape
[3] Tuberculosis Referral Laboratory,National Health Laboratory Services,Johannesburg,Gauteng,South Africa
关键词
分枝杆菌,结核; MDR-TB; XDR-TB;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R450 []; R52 [结核病];
学科分类号
100215 ; 1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
背景:严重耐多药结核(XDR-TB)已成为结核病控制的新威胁,但对其流行病学尚不十分了解。目的:采用分子手段研究南非XDR-TB菌株基因型的人群结构组成,从而确定XDR-TB主要是获得性还是原发感染。方法:收集耐多药结核(MDR-TB)患者的痰菌分离株,送至国家参比实验室进行二线抗结核药物的药敏试验。对XDR-TB的分离株进行Spoligotyping分型,并与该分离株的地理来源相匹配。结果:自2005年6月至2006年12月共获得699例MDR-TB患者的分离株,其中101例(17%)菌株耐氧氟沙星(OFX)或卡那霉素(KAN),41例(6%)对二者均耐药(XDR-TB)。Spoligotyping法将XDR-TB分离株共分为17个基因型。结果表现为高度的基因型多样性和地理分布多样性,所以我们估计63%~75%的XDR-TB患者为获得性耐药。结论:获得性严重耐多药可能是导致南非XDR-TB流行的主要机制。因此结核病控制的迫切问题是必须致力于阻止这种潜在的不治之症的传播。
引用
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页码:106 / 111
页数:6
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