松科植物对干旱胁迫的反应(英文)

被引：8

作者：

段宝利

尹春英

李春阳

机构：

[1] 中国科学院成都生物研究所

[2] 中国科学院成都生物研究所成都

[3] 成都

来源：

应用与环境生物学报 | 2005年 / 01期

关键词：

松科; 干旱胁迫; 形态结构; 生理响应; 分子机理;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

Q945 [植物生理学];

学科分类号：

0903 ;

摘要：

水分亏缺是制约树木生长的重要环境因子,植物通过形态、生理以及分子水平来适应水分亏缺.渗透调节使植物在低水势下维持正常生理活动,是植物忍耐水分亏缺的重要生理机制.干旱胁迫下,植物形态结构变化有利于水分吸收和传导,从而提高水分利用效率;同时,生物量向根部的分配增加,叶面积 /边材面积比发生变化,这种生物量分配转移提高了根和茎向叶片输水能力,从而防止气穴现象;干旱胁迫容易引起光能过剩,过剩的光能会对光合器官产生潜在的危害.依赖于叶黄素循环的热耗散是光保护的主要途径;同时酶促及非酶促系统也是防止光合器官破坏的重要途径;脱落酸作为一种激素逆境信号,活化了与抗旱诱导有关的基因.本文从形态变化、渗透调节、气穴现象、光合作用、水分利用效率、脱落酸以及分子机理等方面阐述了松科植物对干旱胁迫的响应,并对耐旱指标的筛选进行了讨论.干旱胁迫下, 各耐旱机理相互制约,需要联合各个方面的因素来考虑整个植物对干旱的反应. 参 99

引用

页码：115 / 122

页数：8

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