从自然脆弱性到社会脆弱性:灾害研究的范式转型

被引：33

作者：

周利敏 ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] 广州大学公共管理学院社会学

[2] 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院博士后流动站

来源：

思想战线 | 2012年 / 38卷 / 02期

关键词：

灾害; 脆弱性; 自然脆弱性; 社会脆弱性; 灾害社会学;

D O I：

暂无

中图分类号：

X43 [自然灾害及其防治];

学科分类号：

083002 ; 0837 ;

摘要：

社会脆弱性存在着四种典型的定义:分别是"冲击论"、"风险论"、"社会关系呈现论"和"暴露论"等。同时,社会脆弱性范式有三个基本理论假设即(1)脆弱性是一种灾前既存的条件;(2)脆弱性是灾害调适与因应能力;(3)脆弱性是一个特定地点的灾害程度。这一范式还包括两个基本研究命题即"风险不平等"与"社会分化"命题。只有通过社会脆弱性分析才能真正确认社会中最脆弱的群体,才能真正了解灾害中不同群体应对灾害风险能力的差异,才能真正为防灾与减灾规划提供有针对性建议。

引用

页码：11 / 15

页数：5

共 7 条

[1] Natural disasters and the risk of violent civil conflict [J].

Nel, Philip ;

Righarts, Marjolein .

INTERNATIONAL STUDIES QUARTERLY, 2008, 52 (01) :159-185

[2]

From the Margins to the Mainstream? Disaster Research at the Crossroads[J] . Kathleen J. Tierney.Annual Review of Sociology . 2007

[3]

Linkages between vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity[J] . Gilberto C. Gallopín.Global Environmental Change . 2006 (3)

[4]

Revealing the Vulnerability of People and Places: A Case Study of Georgetown County, South Carolina[J] . Susan L. Cutter,Jerry T. Mitchell,Michael S. Scott.Annals of the Association of American Geographers . 2000 (4)

[5]

Social Vulnerability to Climate Change and the Architecture of Entitlements[J] . W. Neil Adger,P. Mick Kelly.Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change . 1999 (3)

[6]

Assessing the Vulnerability of Coastal Communities to Extreme Storms: The Case of Revere, MA., USA[J] . George E. Clark,Susanne C. Moser,Samuel J. Ratick,Kirstin Dow,William B. Meyer,Srinivas Emani,Weigen Jin,Jeanne X. Kasperson,Roger E. Kasperson,Harry E. Schwarz.Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change . 1998 (1)

[7]

Vulnerability to Disaster and SustainableDevelopment:A General Framework for Assessing Vulnerability .2 Anderson,M.B. Disaster Prevention for Sustainable Development:Ecomomic and Policy Issues . 1995

← 1 →