人工颈椎间盘置换术治疗颈椎病的中长期临床疗效

被引:13
作者
祁敏
陈华江
王新伟
刘洋
曹鹏
田野
沈晓龙
袁文
机构
[1] 海军军医大学长征医院脊柱一科
关键词
颈椎病; 人工颈椎间盘置换术; 中长期随访; 临床疗效;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R687.3 [骨骼手术];
学科分类号
100220 [骨科学];
摘要
目的:回顾性分析人工颈椎间盘置换术(artificial cervical disc replacement,ACDR)治疗颈椎病的中长期临床疗效及并发症发生情况。方法:2009年5月~2015年5月在我科接受ACDR治疗的68例颈椎病患者纳入本研究。其中男性32例,女性36例;年龄39.1±6.2岁(23~55岁)。脊髓型颈椎病42例,神经根型颈椎病19例,混合型颈椎病7例。术前病程9.5~21.5个月(14.5±6.3个月)。52例接受单节段ACDR,16例接受两节段ACDR。人工椎间盘为Discover假体。采用日本矫形外科学会(Japan Orthopedic Association,JOA)评分法、疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale/score,VAS)和颈椎功能障碍指数(neck disability index,NDI)对患者的神经功能和临床症状情况进行评估;术前、术后及末次随访时采用颈椎X线片评估患者颈椎曲度(C2-C7 Cobb角),采用颈椎过屈过伸位X线片测量手术节段的活动度,在侧位X线片上观察手术节段的邻近节段骨赘形成情况,采用骨赘形成分级判断邻近节段的退变情况。末次随访时采用颈椎CT平扫+三维重建和McAfee分级法评估手术节段异位骨化(heterotopic ossification,HO)情况。记录患者术后轴性症状等并发症发生情况。结果:随访78~132个月(98.3±17.2个月),随访期间JOA评分、VAS评分和NDI均获得了良好改善,末次随访时与术前比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。术后第二天,纳入患者的颈椎曲度与术前比较有统计学差异(12.5°±3.9°vs9.3°±5.5°, P=0.044),末次随访时的颈椎曲度与术前比较无统计学差异(10.3°±4.2°vs 9.3°±5.5°,P=0.181)。手术节段的活动度术前为6.5°±3.4°,术后第2天为8.7°±2.8°(P=0.001),术后1年随访时为8.2°±3.8°,术后2年随访时为7.5°±4.1°,术后5年随访时为5.3°±4.8°,末次随访时为4.5°±2.7°,末次随访时与术前和术后1年时比较均明显降低(P=0.021,P=0.019)。末次随访时头侧和尾侧相邻节段骨赘形成分级分别加重0.46和0.41级。术后1年随访时轴性症状发生率为4.41%(单节段组2例、两节段组1例),术后5年以后随访无颈部疼痛等主诉。末次随访时有46例(67.65%)患者、51个(60.71%)手术节段发生不同程度的HO,两节段组患者HO的发生率明显高于单节段组患者(81.25%vs 63.46%,P=0.048)。结论:ACDR治疗颈椎病具有较好的中长期临床疗效,但伴随随访时间延长HO发生率趋于增加,且并未明显获得防止邻近节段退变的优势。
引用
收藏
页码:1062 / 1069
页数:8
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