绝经期激素替代治疗的相关肿瘤风险研究进展

被引:38
作者
陈醒 [1 ]
周应芳 [1 ]
白文佩 [2 ]
机构
[1] 北京大学第一医院妇产科
[2] 首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院妇产科
关键词
激素替代疗法; 围绝经期; 绝经后期; 肿瘤;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R711.75 [卵巢疾病];
学科分类号
100211 [妇产科学];
摘要
绝经期激素替代治疗(MHT)已被证实能有效缓解绝经期综合征,但其在临床上的应用也经历了曲折的过程。随着人们对激素疗法认识的不断深化,激素治疗的风险也不断被人们所熟知,尤其是激素相关的肿瘤,如子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌等。目前已有很多临床研究阐述了激素治疗的相关肿瘤风险。有子宫的患者使用雌激素治疗(estrogen therapy,ET)增加患子宫内膜癌的风险,需加用孕激素(estrogen-progesterone therapy,EPT)保护子宫内膜;EPT连续用药比序贯用药能更好地保护子宫内膜;对于已患子宫内膜癌的患者,早期患者使用雌激素并不增加肿瘤复发风险,并能改善生存质量。ET和EPT能增加卵巢癌的风险,且与病理类型有关;卵巢癌术后使用MHT并不增加复发的风险和死亡率,不影响预后。ET可能会降低乳腺癌风险,而EPT可能会增加乳腺癌的风险;乳腺癌患者不适用激素疗法。但是上述许多结果均需要临床研究的进一步检验,有些问题还缺少相关研究,甚至有些结论互相矛盾。综述近几年的临床研究结果,深化对激素治疗的认识,为临床指导激素治疗提供最新依据。
引用
收藏
页码:489 / 492+496 +496
页数:5
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