脑卒中患者的呼吸功能障碍及其康复

被引:39
作者
黄岳
崔利华
刘丽旭
何静杰
山磊
机构
[1] 首都医科大学康复医学院
[2] 中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院神经康复中心
关键词
脑卒中; 呼吸; 功能障碍; 呼吸肌; 综述;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R743.3 [急性脑血管疾病(中风)];
学科分类号
摘要
呼吸功能障碍是脑卒中相关功能障碍的重要组成部分。脑卒中后呼吸中枢或相关运动通路损伤可直接引起呼吸模式的改变、呼吸肌肌力的下降;脑卒中继发肺炎、脑卒中伴睡眠呼吸暂停是其他常见且影响脑卒中患者预后的呼吸功能异常。临床常规体格检查是呼吸功能评价的基础。脑卒中患者尤其应注意呼吸模式、呼吸肌肌容积、肌张力的变化。指夹式脉搏血氧饱和度的监测可用于筛查中重度呼吸功能障碍;还可采用动脉血气分析、睡眠呼吸监测、力学、影像学和电生理手段对呼吸功能进行定量评价。呼吸功能康复的主要目的是增加吸气肌的肌力和耐力,提高咳嗽能力,改善睡眠呼吸暂停低通气现象,进而增强心肺适应能力,改善生活质量。
引用
收藏
页码:1055 / 1057
页数:3
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