种子萌发和幼苗生长对沙丘环境的适应机制

被引:36
作者
朱雅娟
董鸣
黄振英
机构
[1] 中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学重点实验室
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目;
关键词
沙丘; 沙埋; 沙蚀; 种子萌发; 种子休眠; 幼苗生长;
D O I
10.13287/j.1001-9332.2006.0028
中图分类号
Q945.79 [植物生理生态学];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
综述了植物沙生适应机制的研究及其进展.一些植物的种子在刚成熟时具有休眠特性.种子需要适度沙埋促进萌发并实现幼苗定居,但过度沙埋则会抑制种子萌发和出苗.在沙层深处,没有萌发的种子会进入休眠状态,形成土壤种子库.幼苗通过增加节数和延长节间来适应沙埋.沙埋深度超过植物的忍耐限度会抑制幼苗生长,甚至导致幼苗死亡.沙生植物必须适应其他环境因子,如盐风与土壤盐分、昆虫采食、土壤养分亏缺等,才能在沙丘上成功生长.沙蚀可导致幼苗根系暴露并干燥脱水.一些沙漠植物的幼苗在萌发后可忍耐一段时期的干燥,水分条件得到满足之后,幼苗能够恢复生长.
引用
收藏
页码:137 / 142
页数:6
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