青藏高原造山带的垮塌与高原隆升

被引:209
作者
吴福元
黄宝春
叶凯
方爱民
机构
[1] 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室
关键词
造山带垮塌; 隆升; 青藏高原;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
P542.2 [];
学科分类号
摘要
印度与亚洲的碰撞及前期的地体拼合产生了世界上规模最大的青藏高原碰撞造山带,并进而导致了高原的形成。但关于该造山带的形成演化过程与高原隆升的关系,一直未能取得明确的共识。本文通过对近几年来的资料总结发现,印度与亚洲的碰撞大约发型在55 Ma左右。由于新特提斯大洋板块的断离作用,形成冈底斯地区大规模的古新世—始新世花岗岩和火山岩,并发生青藏高原第一次较大规模的隆升。随着印度板块的持续向北挤压和朝亚洲大陆下的不断俯冲,该造山带岩石圈不断增厚,并在≈26 Ma左右发生岩石圈拆沉和减薄,形成全区的新生代钾质与超钾质岩浆活动,并发生全区范围内的大规模地壳隆升与剥蚀。中新世及以后,除局部地区外,青藏高原总体隆升幅度不大。因此,青藏高原的隆升与造山带的垮塌有关,而并不是由印度与亚洲碰撞而直接产生的。
引用
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页码:1 / 30
页数:30
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