Rapid growth of hydrofluorocarbon 134a and hydrochlorofluorocarbons 141b, 142b, and 22 from Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) observations at Cape Grim, Tasmania, and Mace Head, Ireland

被引:90
作者
O'Doherty, S
Cunnold, DM
Manning, A
Miller, BR
Wang, RHJ
Krummel, PB
Fraser, PJ
Simmonds, PG
McCulloch, A
Weiss, RF
Salameh, P
Porter, LW
Prinn, RG
Huang, J
Sturrock, G
Ryall, D
Derwent, RG
Montzka, SA
机构
[1] Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England
[2] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[3] UK Met Off, Bracknell RG12 2SZ, Berks, England
[4] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[5] CSIRO, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia
[6] Bur Meteorol, Cape Grim Baseline Air Pollut Stn, Smithton, Tas 7330, Australia
[7] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[8] NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA
关键词
trends; HCFC; emission estimates;
D O I
10.1029/2003JD004277
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
[1] An update of in situ Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)/hydrochlorofluorocarbon ( HCFC) measurements made at Mace Head, Ireland, and Cape Grim, Tasmania, from 1998 to 2002 are reported. HCFC-142b, HCFC-141b, HCFC-22 and HFC-134a show continued rapid growth in the atmosphere at mean rates of 1.1, 1.6, 6.0, and 3.4 ppt/year, respectively. Emissions inferred from measurements are compared to recent estimates from consumption data. Minor updates to the industry estimates of emissions are reported together with a discussion of how to best determine OH concentrations from these trace gas measurements. In addition, AGAGE measurements and derived emissions are compared to those deduced from NOAA-Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory flask measurements ( which are mostly made at different locations). European emission estimates obtained from Mace Head pollution events using the Nuclear Accident Model ( NAME) dispersion model and the best fit algorithm ( known as simulated annealing) are presented as 3-year rolling average emissions over Europe for the period 1999-2001. Finally, the measurements of HCFC-141b, HCFC-142b, and HCFC-22 discussed in this paper have been combined with the Atmospheric Lifetime Experiment (ALE)/Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (GAGE)/AGAGE measurements of CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CCl4, and CH3CCl3 to produce the evolution of tropospheric chlorine loading.
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页数:16
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