Comparison of Alq3/alkali-metal fluoride/Al cathodes for organic electroluminescent devices

被引:24
作者
Helander, M. G. [1 ]
Wang, Z. B. [1 ]
Mordoukhovski, L. [1 ]
Lu, Z. H. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
D O I
10.1063/1.3013421
中图分类号
O59 [应用物理学];
学科分类号
摘要
The tris-(8-hydroxy-quinolinato) aluminum (Alq(3))/LiF/Al cathode is one of the most studied interfaces in organic electronics. Charge injection properties of the other alkali-metal fluorides (i.e., NaF, KF, RbF and CsF) at the Alq(3)/electron injection layer/Al cathode interface of organic light emitting diodes were studied. It is found, in contrast to most literature, that the alkali-metal fluorides all yield equivalent device performance, despite the significant difference in the physiochemical properties of these metal fluorides. The observed phenomena are explained by the comparable strong intrinsic molecular dipole moment of these fluorides, which result in strong interfacial dipoles at the Alq(3)/Al interface. This is consistent with ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy results and recent theory in literature. Difference in thickness dependence was also observed. LiF is found to be unique amongst the alkali-metal fluorides in terms of the thickness dependence of the device performance. This trend is found to strongly correlate with the growth mode of the metal fluoride on the Alq(3) surface; LiF quickly transitions to layer-by-layer growth after the initial island nucleation, while the other alkali-metal fluorides tend to grow as clustered islands on top of a surface wetting layer. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3013421]
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页数:6
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