The use of free surface constructed wetland as an alternative process treatment train to meet unrestricted water reclamation standards

The purpose of this study was to assess the capability of constructed wetland and a IN disinfection unit to meet Title 22 California Reuse Standards for public use irrigation. This study examines fecal coliform reduction in domestic waste water after receiving treatment through: a constructed open water wetland, a slow sand filter, and a portable ultraviolet disinfection unit. The results of the one year pilot project utilized oxidation pond effluent as the influent to the test system Effectiveness of removal of key constiuents (BOD, TSS, turbidity, fecal coliform, and nitrate nitrogen) along with the cost of the system is compared to the results and costs of other water reuse treatment systems. Long term (12 years:) monitoring of the City of Arcata's (California, USA) free surface constructed wetlands has demonstrated high efficiency and reliability in removing suspended solids. The performance data for the proposed pond/wetland/UV system has been incorporated into a decision support model, WAWTTAR (Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies Appropriate for Reuse). (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of the IAWQ. All rights reserved.