Neurobehavioral mechanisms of impulsivity: Fronto-striatal systems and functional neurochemistry

被引:321
作者
Dalley, Jeffrey W. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Mar, Adam C. [1 ,2 ]
Economidou, Daina [1 ,2 ]
Robbins, Trevor W. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Dept Expt Psychol, Cambridge CB2 3EB, England
[2] Univ Cambridge, Behav & Clin Neurosci Inst, Cambridge CB2 3EB, England
[3] Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England
基金
英国医学研究理事会; 英国惠康基金;
关键词
attention; prefrontal cortex; nucleus accumbens; 5-choice serial reaction time task; delay-discounting; stop-signal reaction time; dopamine; serotonin; noradrenaline;
D O I
10.1016/j.pbb.2007.12.021
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Impulsive acts and decisions are a part of everyday normal behavior. However, in its pathological forms, impulsivity can be a debilitating disorder often associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This article reviews recent progress in our understanding of the neurobiology of impulsivity using examples from recent investigations in experimental animals. Evidence is reviewed from several well-established paradigms with putative utility in assessing distinct forms of impulsive behavior in rodents, including the 5-choice serial reaction time (5CSRT) task and the delay discounting paradigm. We discuss, in particular, recent psychophannacological and in-vivo neurochemical data in task-performing rats showing functional heterogeneity of the forebrain dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA), serotonin (5-HT) and acetylcholine (ACh) systems and identify how these systems normally function to facilitate flexible goal-directed behavior in situations that tax basic attentional functions and inhibitory response control mechanisms. We also discuss future research needs in terms of understanding the functional diversity of different sub-regions of prefirontal cortex (PFC) and how these systems normally interact with the striaturn and main nuclei of origin of DA and NA neurons. Finally, we argue in line with others that animal paradigms are unlikely to model all aspects of complex psychiatric conditions such as ADHD but components of such syndromes may be amenable to investigation using sophisticated animal models based on highly-defined psychiatric endophenotypes. 0 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:250 / 260
页数:11
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