Aluminum-activated citrate and malate transporters from the MATE and ALMT families function independently to confer Arabidopsis aluminum tolerance

被引:400
作者
Liu, Jiping [1 ]
Magalhaes, Jurandir V. [2 ]
Shaff, Jon [1 ]
Kochian, Leon V. [1 ]
机构
[1] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
[2] Embrapa Maize & Sorghum, BR-35701970 Sete Lagoas, Matto Grosso, Brazil
基金
美国农业部;
关键词
aluminum toxicity; aluminum tolerance; ALMT; multi-drug and toxic compound extrusion; transporter protein; plasma membrane protein; organic acid exudation; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; ACID; GENE; MULTIDRUG; EFFLUX; RESISTANCE; MECHANISM; MEMBER; RICE; EXUDATION;
D O I
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03696.x
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Aluminum-activated root malate and citrate exudation play an important role in plant Al tolerance. This paper characterizes AtMATE, a homolog of the recently discovered sorghum and barley Al-tolerance genes, shown here to encode an Al-activated citrate transporter in Arabidopsis. Together with the previously characterized Al-activated malate transporter, AtALMT1, this discovery allowed us to examine the relationship in the same species between members of the two gene families for which Al-tolerance genes have been identified. AtMATE is expressed primarily in roots and is induced by Al. An AtMATE T-DNA knockdown line exhibited very low AtMATE expression and Al-activated root citrate exudation was abolished. The AtALMT1 AtMATE double mutant lacked both Al-activated root malate and citrate exudation and showed greater Al sensitivity than the AtALMT1 mutant. Therefore, although AtALMT1 is a major contributor to Arabidopsis Al tolerance, AtMATE also makes a significant but smaller contribution. The expression patterns of AtALMT1 and AtMATE and the profiles of Al-activated root citrate and malate exudation are not affected by the presence or absence of the other gene. These results suggest that AtALMT1-mediated malate exudation and AtMATE-mediated citrate exudation evolved independently to confer Al tolerance in Arabidopsis. However, a link between regulation of expression of the two transporters in response to Al was identified through work on STOP1, a transcription factor that was previously shown to be necessary for AtALMT1 expression. Here we show that STOP1 is also required for AtMATE expression and Al-activated citrate exudation.
引用
收藏
页码:389 / 399
页数:11
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