Ecstasy use and self-reported depression, impulsivity, and sensation seeking: a prospective cohort study

被引:43
作者
de Win, MML
Schilt, T
Reneman, L
Vervaeke, H
Jager, G
Dijkink, S
Booij, J
van den Brink, W
机构
[1] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
[2] Grad Sch Neurosci, Amsterdam, Netherlands
[3] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
[4] Univ Amsterdam, Bonger Inst Criminol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
[5] Univ Utrecht, Ctr Med, Rudolf Magnus Inst Neurosci, Dept Psychiat, Utrecht, Netherlands
[6] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
[7] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam Inst Addict Res, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
[8] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
关键词
depression; impulsivity; sensation seeking; psychopathology; ecstasy; MDMA; self-report questionnaires;
D O I
10.1177/0269881106063275
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Although there are indications that ecstasy users have higher Levels of depression, impulsivity, and sensation seeking, it is unknown whether these are consequences of ecstasy use or predisposing factors for starting ecstasy use. We prospectively assessed the predictive value of depression, impulsivity, and sensation seeking on future first time ecstasy use. We also assessed whether depression, impulsivity, and sensation seeking had changed after first ecstasy use. Depression, impulsivity, and sensation seeking were assessed using self-report questionnaires in 188 ecstasy-naive volunteers with high probability for future ecstasy use. After a mean follow-up of 17 months, measurements were repeated in 59 incident ecstasy users (mean 6.0 tablets) and 61 matched persistent ecstasy-naive volunteers. Only experience seeking (subscale of the sensation seeking scale) predicted future ecstasy use (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.10), but after adjustment for potential confounders this was not significant anymore. At follow-up, significant effects of ecstasy use on the general and the disinhibition subscale of the sensation seeking scale were observed (after adjustment for potential confounders: regression coefficient B = 0.51, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.83 and B = 3.25, 95% CI 1.74 to 4.76, respectively). These data indicate that depression, impulsivity, and sensation seeking do not predict first time ecstasy use in a population of young adults with the intention to start using ecstasy and that low level ecstasy use does not seem to cause depression or impulsivity. However, Low Level ecstasy use may increase (certain aspects of) sensation seeking.
引用
收藏
页码:226 / 235
页数:10
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