Multiwalled carbon nanotube polymer composites: Synthesis and characterization of thin films

被引:438
作者
Safadi, B
Andrews, R [1 ]
Grulke, EA
机构
[1] Univ Kentucky, Adv Carbon Mat Ctr, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
[2] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA
关键词
nanotubes; polymer-based nanocomposites; structural properties; shear alignment;
D O I
10.1002/app.10436
中图分类号
O63 [高分子化学(高聚物)];
学科分类号
070305 ; 080501 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The aim of this article was to elucidate the basic relationships between processing conditions and the mechanical and electrical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotube reinforced polymer composites. In conventional chopped fiber reinforced polymer composites, uniform distributions of fibers throughout the matrix are critical to producing materials with superior physical properties. Previous methods have dispersed carbon nanotubes by aggressive chemical modification of the nanotubes or by the use of a surfactant prior to dispersion.(1,2) Here, ultrasonic energy was used to uniformly disperse multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs) in solutions and to incorporate them into composites without chemical pretreatment. Polystyrene (PS) solutions containing MWNTs were cast and spun to yield thin film MWNT composites, The rheology of PS/MWNT suspensions was modeled using the Carreau equation. MWNTs were found to align at the shear rates generated by the spin casting process. The tensile modulus and strain to failure of samples compared well to classical micromechanical models, increasing with MWNT loading. The composite films showed lower strains at the yield stress than neat PS films. The presence of MWNTs at 2.5 vol % fraction approximately doubles the tensile modulus, and transforms the film from insulating to conductive (surface resistivity, rho, approaching 10(3) Omega/square). (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:2660 / 2669
页数:10
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