Transscleral implantation and neurophysiological testing of subretinal polyimide film electrodes in the domestic pig in visual prosthesis development

被引:27
作者
Sachs, Helmut G. [1 ]
Schanze, Thomas [2 ]
Brunner, Ursula [1 ]
Sailer, Heiko [3 ]
Wiesenack, Christoph [4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hosp Regensburg, Univ Eye Clin, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany
[2] Univ Marburg, Dept Phys, Appl Phys NeuroPhys Grp, Renthof 7, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
[3] Nat & Med Sci Inst, Markwiesenstr 55, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany
[4] Univ Hosp Regensburg, Dept Anaesthesiol, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany
关键词
D O I
10.1088/1741-2560/2/1/008
中图分类号
R318 [生物医学工程];
学科分类号
0831 [生物医学工程];
摘要
Loss of photoreceptor function is responsible for a variety of blinding diseases, including retinitis pigmentosa. Advances in microtechnology have led to the development of electronic visual prostheses which are currently under investigation for the treatment of human blindness. The design of a subretinal prosthesis requires that the stimulation device should be implantable in the subretinal space of the eye. Current limitations in eye surgery have to be overcome to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach and to determine basic stimulation parameters. Therefore, polyimide film-bound electrodes were implanted in the subretinal space in anaesthetized domestic pigs as a prelude to electrical stimulation in acute experiments. Eight eyes underwent surgery to demonstrate the transscleral implantability of the device. Four of the eight eyes were stimulated electrically. In these four animals the cranium was prepared for epidural recording of evoked visual cortex responses, and stimulation was performed with sequences of current impulses. All eight subretinal implantation procedures were carried out successfully with polyimide film electrodes and each electrode was implanted beneath the outer retina of the posterior pole of the operated eyes. Four eyes were used for neurophysiological testing, involving recordings of epidural cortical responses to light and electrical stimulation. A light stimulus response, which occurred 40 ms after stimulation, proved the integrity of the operated eye. The electrical stimuli occurred about 20 ms after the onset of stimulation. The stimulation threshold was approximately 100 mu A. Both the threshold and the cortical responses depended on the correspondence between retinal stimulation and cortical recording sites and on the number of stimulation electrodes used simultaneously.
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收藏
页码:S57 / S64
页数:8
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