Hedgehog: functions and mechanisms

被引:974
作者
Varjosalo, Markku
Taipale, Jussi [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Helsinki, Natl Publ Hlth Inst KTL, Dept Mol Med, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
基金
芬兰科学院;
关键词
hedgehog; signal transduction; cancer; development; transcription;
D O I
10.1101/gad.1693608
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
The Hedgehog (Hh) family of proteins control cell growth, survival, and fate, and pattern almost every aspect of the vertebrate body plan. The use of a single morphogen for such a wide variety of functions is possible because cellular responses to Hh depend on the type of responding cell, the dose of Hh received, and the time cells are exposed to Hh. The Hh gradient is shaped by several proteins that are specifically required for Hh processing, secretion, and transport through tissues. The mechanism of cellular response, in turn, incorporates multiple feedback loops that fine-tune the level of signal sensed by the responding cells. Germline mutations that subtly affect Hh pathway activity are associated with developmental disorders, whereas somatic mutations activating the pathway have been linked to multiple forms of human cancer. This review focuses broadly on our current understanding of Hh signaling, from mechanisms of action to cellular and developmental functions. In addition, we review the role of Hh in the pathogenesis of human disease and the possibilities for therapeutic intervention.
引用
收藏
页码:2454 / 2472
页数:19
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