β2-Integrin-Mediated Adhesion and Intracellular Ca2+ Release in Human Eosinophils

Human eosinophils spontaneously adhere to various substrates in the absence of exogenously added activators. In the present study a method was developed for characterizing eosinophil adhesion by measuring changes in impedance. Impedance measurements were performed in HCO3-buffered HybriCare medium maintained in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator at 37A degrees C. Impedance increased by more than 1 k Omega within minutes after eosinophils made contact with the substrate, reaching a peak within 20 min. Blocking mobilization of intracellular [Ca2+] that precedes adhesion with BAPTA-AM (10 mu M) completely inhibited the rise in impedance as well as the changes in cell shape typically observed in adherent cells. However, lowering the extracellular [Ca2+] with 2.5 mM EGTA did not inhibit the increase in impedance. Pretreatment with anti-CD18 antibody to block substrate interactions with beta(2)-integrins, or jasplakinolide (2 mu M) to block actin reorganization, abolished the increase in impedance and adherent morphology of the cells. Exposure of eosinophils to the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase inhibitor LY294002 (5 mu M) or treatment with protein kinase C zeta pseudosubstrate to competitively inhibit activity of the enzyme significantly reduced the increase in impedance and inhibited the cell spreading associated with adhesion. These results demonstrate a novel method for measuring eosinophil adhesion and showed that, following formation of a tethered attachment, a rapid increase in intracellular [Ca2+] precedes the cytoskeletal rearrangements required for cell shape changes and plasma membrane-substrate interactions associated with adhesion.