Squeezing and entanglement in a Bose-Einstein condensate

被引：643

作者：

Esteve, J. ^{[1
]}

Gross, C. ^{[1
]}

Weller, A. ^{[1
]}

Giovanazzi, S. ^{[1
]}

Oberthaler, M. K. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany

来源：

NATURE | 2008年 / 455卷 / 7217期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1038/nature07332

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Entanglement, a key feature of quantum mechanics, is a resource that allows the improvement of precision measurements beyond the conventional bound attainable by classical means(1). This results in the standard quantum limit, which is reached in today's best available sensors of various quantities such as time(2) and position(3,4). Many of these sensors are interferometers in which the standard quantum limit can be overcome by using quantum-entangled states (in particular spin squeezed states(5,6)) at the two input ports. Bose-Einstein condensates of ultracold atoms are considered good candidates to provide such states involving a large number of particles. Here we demonstrate spin squeezed states suitable for atomic interferometry by splitting a condensate into a few parts using a lattice potential. Site-resolved detection of the atoms allows the measurement of the atom number difference and relative phase, which are conjugate variables. The observed fluctuations imply entanglement between the particles(7-9), a resource that would allow a precision gain of 3.8 dB over the standard quantum limit for interferometric measurements.

引用

页码：1216 / 1219

页数：4

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