Photocharging ZnO Nanocrystals: Picosecond Hole Capture, Electron Accumulation, and Auger Recombination

被引:60
作者
Cohn, Alicia W. [1 ]
Janssen, Nils [1 ]
Mayer, James M. [1 ]
Gamelin, Daniel R. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
COLLOIDAL QUANTUM DOTS; ZINC-OXIDE; OPTICAL-TRANSITIONS; EXTRA ELECTRONS; SIZE; NANOPARTICLES; LUMINESCENCE; PARTICLES; ETHANOL; METAL;
D O I
10.1021/jp3075942
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Photochemical charging of colloidal ZnO nanocrystals has been studied using continuous-wave and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopies in conjunction with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Experiments have been performed with and without addition of alcohols as hole quenchers, focusing on ethanol. Both aerobic and anaerobic conditions have been examined. We find that ethanol quenches valence-band holes within similar to 15 ps of photoexcitation, but does not quench the trapped holes responsible for the characteristic visible photoluminescence of ZnO nanocrystals. Hole quenching yields "charged" nanocrystals containing excess conduction-band electrons. The extra conduction-band electrons quench visible trap-centered luminescence via a highly effective electron/trap-state Auger-type cross-relaxation process. This Auger process is prominent even under aerobic photoexcitation conditions, particularly when samples are not stirred. Charging also reduces exciton nonradiative decay rates, resulting in increased UV luminescence. The dependence of charging on ethanol concentration and the reduced exciton nonradiative decay rates of charged ZnO nanocrystals are discussed. Finally, the results here provide a kinetic basis for understanding photochemical electron accumulation in colloidal ZnO nanocrystals.
引用
收藏
页码:20633 / 20642
页数:10
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