Quercetin, luteolin, apigenin and kaempferol contents of some foods

Quercetin, luteolin, apigenin and kaempferol contents of Urtica sp., Rosa cannina (rosehip), Salvia officinalis (sage), Tilia platyphyllos (linden flower), black tea, Daucus carota L, spp sativus (violet carrot juice), grape molasses, honey and tarhana were determined by HPLC with UV detection. Consumption of the samples was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire method. One hundred healthy volunteers were asked to state the number of times on average per day, week or month they consumed each item over the last 6 months. Quercetin was determined in all samples except honey, whereas luteolin was determined only in sage. Kaempferol was determined in black tea, linden flower and honey samples, and apigenin was determined in honey and Urtica sp. Quercetin intake by the consumption of tea, linden flower, sage rosehip, violet carrot juice, grape molasses, tarhana and juice of Urtica sp. were estimated as 4.2-25, 2.6, 3.3, and 2.0 mu g/day, 1.67 mg/day, 1.70 mg/day, 1.78 mg/month and 21.75-65.25 mu g/month, respectively. Luteolin intake by the consumption of sage was estimated as 1.32 mu g/day. Apigenin intakes by the consumption of honey and juice of Urtica sp. were estimated as 2.34 mg/day and 3.58-10.73 mg/month, respectively. Kaempferol intakes of the participants from tea, linden flower and honey were estimated as 13.2-79.2, 13.56 and 190 mu g/day respectively. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.