Three-dimensional ultrasonic parametric and tissue-property imaging for tissue evaluation, treatment planning, therapy guidance, and efficacy assessment

Two- and three-dimensional depictions of ultrasound echo signal data have potential for helping to detect and diagnose disease and to plan and monitor therapy. The utilization of very-high-frequency ultrasound and spectrum analysis of radiofrequency echo signals extends the capabilities of ultrasonic imaging for these purposes. Images generated using these techniques can present tissue architecture with exquisite resolution and can provide information on underlying properties of scatterers in the tissue. Changes in properties over time can be used to monitor disease progression or response to therapy. Relating tissue echo-signal parameters obtained from unknown tissue to database values of known tissue types can provide means of characterizing tissue for the purposes of detection or diagnosis and treatment planning. These potential applications are illustrated using examples from plaque, ophthalmic, skin, and prostate studies.