Legacy Effects in Material Flux: Structural Catchment Changes Predate Long-Term Studies

被引：56

作者：

Bain, Daniel J. ^{[1
]}

Green, Mark B. ^{[2
,3
]}

Campbell, John L. ^{[3
]}

Chamblee, John F.

Chaoka, Sayo ^{[4
]}

Fraterrigo, Jennifer M. ^{[5
]}

Kaushal, Sujay S. ^{[6
,7
]}

Martin, Sherry L. ^{[8
]}

Jordan, Thomas E. ^{[9
]}

Parolari, Anthony J. ^{[10
]}

Sobczak, William V. ^{[11
]}

Weller, Donald E. ^{[9
]}

Wollheim, Wilfred M. ^{[12
,13
]}

Boose, Emery R. ^{[14
]}

Duncan, Jonathan M. ^{[15
]}

Gettel, Gretchen M. ^{[16
]}

Hall, Brian R. ^{[14
]}

Kumar, Praveen ^{[4
]}

Thompson, Jonathan R. ^{[17
]}

Vose, James M. ^{[18
]}

Elliott, Emily M. ^{[1
]}

Leigh, David S. ^{[19
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA

[2] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH USA

[3] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA

[4] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA

[5] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA

[6] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[7] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[8] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[9] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA

[10] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[11] Coll Holy Cross, Dept Biol, Worcester, MA 01610 USA

[12] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA

[13] Univ New Hampshire, Environm & Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA

[14] Harvard Univ Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA USA

[15] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[16] United Nations Educ Sci & Cultural Org, Int Inst Infrastruct Hydraul & Environm Engn, Delft, Netherlands

[17] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA

[18] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Otto, NC USA

[19] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA

来源：

BIOSCIENCE | 2012年 / 62卷 / 06期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 美国海洋和大气管理局;

关键词：

legacy effect; long-term studies; structural and signal legacy effects; sedimentation; PAST LAND-USE; AIR-TEMPERATURE; SOIL-NITROGEN; FRESH-WATER; CARBON; PRECIPITATION; DISCHARGES; ACCUMULATION; DISTURBANCE; IMPACTS;

D O I：

10.1525/bio.2012.62.6.8

中图分类号：

Q [生物科学];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Legacy effects of past land use and disturbance are increasingly recognized, yet consistent definitions of and criteria for defining them do not exist. To address this gap in biological- and ecosystem-assessment frameworks, we propose a general metric for evaluating potential legacy effects, which are computed by normalizing altered system function persistence with duration of disturbance. We also propose two distinct legacy-effect categories: signal effects from lags in transport and structural effects from physical landscape changes. Using flux records for water, sediment, nitrogen, and carbon from long-term study sites in the eastern United States from 1500 to 2000, we identify gaps in our understanding of legacy effects and reveal that changes in basin sediment dynamics precede instrumented records. These sediment dynamics are not generally incorporated into interpretations of contemporary records, although their potential legacy effects are substantial. The identification of legacy effects may prove to be a fundamental component of landscape management and effective conservation and restoration practice.

引用

页码：575 / 584

页数：10

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