Internal doses to Ukrainian populations using Dnieper River water

The dynamics of internal doses from Cs-137 and Sr-90 as a consequence of the use of Dnieper River water were calculated. Local peculiarities of municipal tap, irrigation, and fish consumption in the Ukraine were considered. The dynamics of Sr-90 accumulation in human bone as a result of the use of Dnieper water is simulated. The dose predictions are based on de facto data and the stochastic forecast of radionuclide concentrations in Dnieper reservoirs. A large array of statistical data on the age-structures of exposed populations, food consumption rate, agricultural production, fish contamination, and site-specific parameters were used. Exposures are estimated for 12 regions of the Dnieper basin and the Crimea Republic. The maximal individual annual committed effective doses are 1.7 x 10(-5) and 2.7 x 10(-5) Sv from Sr-90 and Cs-137, respectively, due to the use of water in 1986 by members of the population in the Kievska region. Commercial fishermen on the Kievska reservoir, who consumed 360 kg y(-1) of fish in 1986, received 4.7 x 10(-4) and 5 x 10(-3) Sv from Sr-90 and Cs-137, respectively. The contributions to the collective (over 70 y) effective dose of irrigation, municipal tap water, and fish consumption for members of the general public, respectively, are 18%, 43%, 39% in the Kievska region; 8%, 25%, 67% in the Poltavska region; 50% 50%, 0% (no Dnieper fish consumed) in the Crimea Republic. The predicted contribution of Sr-90 to collective dose resulting from the use of water is 80%. The collective dose to the population of the Dnieper regions (32.5 million people) is 3,000 person-Sv, due to the use of water.