Thapsigargin-insensitive calcium pools in vascular smooth muscle cells

Since sarcoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase may play an important role for the regulation of cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+](i)) and may be altered in primary hypertension, the effects of thapsigargin and bradykinin on intracellular calcium pools in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from spontaneously hypertensive rats of the Munster strain (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were investigated. VSMC were cultured on glass cover slips and [Ca2+](i) was measured using the fluorescent dye fura2. To exclude transplasmamembrane calcium influx,all experiments were performed in a calcium free medium. Thapsigargin, a selective inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase, and bradykinin, that is known to induce inositol trisphosphate release, dose dependently caused an increase of [Ca2+](i) by emptying intracellular Ca2+ stores. The peak increase of [Ca2+](i) after addition of saturation doses of thapsigargin (1 mu mol/L) was not significantly different in the two strains (SHR: 69 +/- 11 nmol/L, n=24; WKY: 58 +/- 12 nmol/L, n=20; mean rt SEM). When 10 mu mol/L bradykinin was added after depletion of the thapsigargin-sensitive pools, still a release of [Ca2+](i) could be observed. The bradykinin-induced [Ca2+](i) increase was similar in the absence and presence of thapsigargin in VSMC from SHR (62 +/- 12 nmol/L, n=20; vs 52 +/- 18 nmol/L, n=22). In contrast, in the VSMC from WKY a significant reduction of the bradykinin induced [Ca2+](i) increase could be observed after the depletion of the thapsigargin sensitive calcium pools (70 +/- 8 nmol/L, n=21, vs. 33 +/- 7, n=20; p<0.002). It is concluded that bradykinin releases calcium from a pool that is not refilled by the common, thapsigargin-sensitive Ca2+-ATPase. In contrast to VSMC from normotensive WKY, in VSMC from spontaneously hypertensive rats thapsigargin and bradykinin sensitive pools may be regulated separately.