RETRACTED: Essential role of transcription factor nuclear factor-κB in regulation of interleukin-8 gene expression by nitrite reductase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in respiratory epithelial cells (Retracted article. See vol. 79, pg. 3473, 2011)

Persistent infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa increases interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels and causes dense neutrophil infiltrations in the airways of patients with chronic airway diseases. Recently, we have reported that nitrite reductase from P. aeruginosa induces the production of IL-8 in respiratory cells, including bronchial epithelial cells. To determine the molecular mechanism(s) of nitrite reductase-induced IL-8 expression in respiratory cells, A549 epithelial cells were transfected with plasmids containing serial deletions of the 5'-flanking region of the IL-8 gene and then exposed to nitrite reductase. Nitrite reductase significantly enhanced IL-8 gene promoter-driven reporter activity. This increased IL-8 gene expression was inhibited by mutating the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) binding element. Nitrite reductase enhanced nuclear localization of the NF-kappa B binding complex. Furthermore, nitrite reductase induced the degradation of I kappa B alpha, the major cytoplasmic inhibitor of NF-kappa B, and the expression of I kappa B alpha mRNA. These data support the critical role of the activation of NF-kappa B in nitrite reductase-induced IL-8 gene expression in airway epithelium.