Processing of Genome 5′ Termini as a Strategy of Negative-Strand RNA Viruses to Avoid RIG-I-Dependent Interferon Induction

被引:253
作者
Habjan, Matthias [1 ]
Andersson, Ida [2 ,3 ]
Klingstrom, Jonas [2 ,3 ]
Schuemann, Michael [4 ]
Martin, Arnold [1 ]
Zimmermann, Petra [1 ]
Wagner, Valentina [1 ]
Pichlmair, Andreas [5 ]
Schneider, Urs [1 ]
Muehlberger, Elke [4 ]
Mirazimi, Ali [2 ,3 ]
Weber, Friedemann [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Freiburg, Dept Virol, Freiburg, Germany
[2] Karolinska Inst, Dept Microbiol, Tumor & Cell Biol, Stockholm, Sweden
[3] Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control, Ctr Microbiol Preparedness, Solna, Sweden
[4] Univ Marburg, Dept Virol, Marburg, Germany
[5] London Res Inst, Canc Res UK, Immunobiol Lab, London, England
来源
PLOS ONE | 2008年 / 3卷 / 04期
关键词
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0002032
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Innate immunity is critically dependent on the rapid production of interferon in response to intruding viruses. The intracellular pathogen recognition receptors RIG-I and MDA5 are essential for interferon induction by viral RNAs containing 59 triphosphates or double-stranded structures, respectively. Viruses with a negative-stranded RNA genome are an important group of pathogens causing emerging and re-emerging diseases. We investigated the ability of genomic RNAs from substantial representatives of this virus group to induce interferon via RIG-I or MDA5. RNAs isolated from particles of Ebola virus, Nipah virus, Lassa virus, and Rift Valley fever virus strongly activated the interferon-beta promoter. Knockdown experiments demonstrated that interferon induction depended on RIG-I, but not MDA5, and phosphatase treatment revealed a requirement for the RNA 59 triphosphate group. In contrast, genomic RNAs of Hantaan virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus and Borna disease virus did not trigger interferon induction. Sensitivity of these RNAs to a 59 monophosphate-specific exonuclease indicates that the RIG-I-activating 59 triphosphate group was removed posttranscriptionally by a viral function. Consequently, RIG-I is unable to bind the RNAs of Hantaan virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus and Borna disease virus. These results establish RIG-I as a major intracellular recognition receptor for the genome of most negative-strand RNA viruses and define the cleavage of triphosphates at the RNA 59 end as a strategy of viruses to evade the innate immune response.
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