The effect of the microscopic and nanoscale structure on bone fragility

被引:118
作者
Ruppel, M. E. [2 ]
Miller, L. M. [2 ,3 ]
Burr, D. B. [1 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
[2] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
[3] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA
[4] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
[5] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Biomed Engn Program, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
关键词
bone; collagen; fragility; mineral; osteoporosis;
D O I
10.1007/s00198-008-0579-1
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 [临床医学]; 100201 [内科学];
摘要
Bone mineral density is the gold-standard for assessing bone quantity and diagnosing osteoporosis. Although bone mineral density measurements assess the quantity of bone, the quality of the tissue is an important predictor of fragility. Understanding the macro- and nanoscale properties of bone is critical to understanding bone fragility in osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease that affects more than 75 million people worldwide. The gold standard for osteoporosis prognosis, bone mineral density, primarily measures the quantity of bone in the skeleton, overlooking more subtle aspects of bone's properties. Bone quality, a measure of bone's architecture, geometry and material properties, is evaluated via mechanical, structural and chemical testing. Although decreased BMD indicates tissue fragility at the clinical level, changes in the substructure of bone can help indicate how bone quality is altered in osteoporosis. Additionally, mechanical properties which can quantify fragility, or bone's inability to resist fracture, can be changed due to alterations in bone architecture and composition. Recent studies have focused on examination of bone on the nanoscale, suggesting the importance of understanding the interactions of the mineral crystals and collagen fibrils and how they can alter bone quality. It is therefore important to understand alterations in bone that occur at the macro-, micro- and nanoscopic levels to determine what parameters contribute to decreased bone quality in diseased tissue.
引用
收藏
页码:1251 / 1265
页数:15
相关论文
共 219 条
[1]
THE EFFECT OF SODIUM-FLUORIDE ON TRABECULAR ARCHITECTURE [J].
AARON, JE ;
DEVERNEJOUL, MC ;
KANIS, JA .
BONE, 1991, 12 (05) :307-310
[2]
Adachi E, 1997, INT REV CYTOL, V173, P73
[3]
Aging of microstructural compartments in human compact bone [J].
Akkus, O ;
Polyakova-Akkus, A ;
Adar, F ;
Schaffler, MB .
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 2003, 18 (06) :1012-1019
[4]
Advanced glycation end products stimulate osteoblast apoptosis via the MAP kinase and cytosolic apoptotic pathways [J].
Alikhani, Mani ;
Alikhani, Zoubin ;
Boyd, Coy ;
MacLellan, Christine M. ;
Raptis, Markos ;
Liu, Rongkun ;
Pischon, Nicole ;
Trackman, Philip C. ;
Gerstenfeld, Louis ;
Graves, Dana T. .
BONE, 2007, 40 (02) :345-353
[5]
ALLEN MR, 2007, OSTEOPOROS IN PRESS
[6]
Mice deficient in small leucine-rich proteoglycans:: novel in vivo models for osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, muscular dystrophy, and corneal diseases [J].
Ameye, L ;
Young, MF .
GLYCOBIOLOGY, 2002, 12 (09) :107R-116R
[8]
ORIENTATION OF APATITE IN SINGLE OSTEON SAMPLES AS STUDIED BY POLE FIGURES [J].
ASCENZI, A ;
BONUCCI, E ;
GENERALI, P ;
RIPAMONTI, A ;
ROVERI, N .
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL, 1979, 29 (02) :101-105
[9]
New nanocomposites: putting organic function "inside" the channel walls of periodic mesoporous silica [J].
Asefa, T ;
Yoshina-Ishii, C ;
MacLachlan, MJ ;
Ozin, GA .
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, 2000, 10 (08) :1751-1755
[10]
Relationships among carbonated apatite solubility, crystallite size, and microstrain parameters [J].
Baig, AA ;
Fox, JL ;
Young, RA ;
Wang, Z ;
Hsu, J ;
Higuchi, WI ;
Chhettry, A ;
Zhuang, H ;
Otsuka, M .
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL, 1999, 64 (05) :437-449