Predictors of outcomes following pediatric thyroid and parathyroid surgery

Purpose of review Recent studies have demonstrated racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in adults undergoing thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy. To date, few studies have examined outcomes in children undergoing cervical endocrine surgery. Recent findings Children undergoing thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy have higher complication rates than adults undergoing similar procedures. Complication rates appear to be lower when procedures are performed by high-volume surgeons. Access to high-volume surgeons continues to be limited for children of racial/ethnic minorities and in families of a lower socioeconomic status. Summary Complications following thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy in children can have profound, life-long effects on development and quality of life. Outcomes are optimized when surgery is performed by high-volume surgeons. Obtaining access to high-volume surgeons requires a multidisciplinary approach by parents, pediatricians, pediatric endocrinologists, and third-party payers.