Micronutrient Deficiencies Are Associated with Impaired Immune Response and Higher Burden of Respiratory Infections in Elderly Ecuadorians

被引:58
作者
Hamer, Davidson H. [1 ,2 ,4 ]
Sempertegui, Fernando [5 ]
Estrella, Bertha [5 ]
Tucker, Katherine L. [1 ,2 ]
Rodriguez, Alicia [5 ]
Egas, Josefina [6 ]
Dallal, Gerard E. [1 ,2 ]
Selhub, Jacob [1 ,2 ]
Griffiths, Jeffrey K. [2 ,3 ]
Meydani, Simin Nikbin [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Sci, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA
[2] Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Sci, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA USA
[3] Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Sci, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA USA
[4] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA
[5] Corporac Ecuatoriana Biotecnol, Quito, Ecuador
[6] Pontif Catholic Univ Ecuador, Dept Microbiol, Quito, Ecuador
关键词
NURSING-HOME; ZINC; HYPERSENSITIVITY; POPULATION; SUPPLEMENTATION; PNEUMONIA; MORTALITY; DISEASE;
D O I
10.3945/jn.108.095091
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
The proportion of the Latin American population above age 65 y is expected to rise Substantially. To better define the prevalence of infectious diseases and micronutrient deficiencies, assess immunological status, and evaluate associations between nutritional status and infection, we performed a cross-sectional study of elderly Ecuadorians in a low-income peri-urban community in Quito, Ecuador. Culturally adapted questionnaires, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin response, micronutrient, and immunological assays were performed in randomly selected Ecuadorians aged >= 65 y. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were developed to assess relationships between micronutrient concentrations and history of infection, DTH, and immune function. Participants (n = 352; mean age +/- SD, 74.4 +/- 6.4 y) recalled recent episodes of colds/influenza-like syndromes (62.8%), cough (61.0%), urinary tract infection (37.9%), diarrhea (32.2%), fever (24.1%), and pneumonia (3.5%). A prospective substudy of respiratory infections (RI) in 203 elderly revealed similar findings. Colds and pneumonia occurred in 42.8 and 7.9% of participants, respectively, during 737 person-weeks of observation (3.6 +/- 1.1 wk per person). Anemia and micronutrient deficiencies, especially for vitamins C, D, B-6, and B-12 and folic acid and zinc, were common. Plasma vitamin C was associated with interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) (P < 0.01) and zinc with IFN gamma and interleukin-2 (each P < 0.0001). RI history was associated with any micronutrient deficiency (P < 0.001). The burden of infectious diseases, micronutrient deficiencies, and anemia was substantial in this elderly Ecuadorian population. Deficiencies of essential vitamins and minerals place these elderly adults at risk for infections through their negative impact on immune function. J. Nutr. 139: 113-119, 2009.
引用
收藏
页码:113 / 119
页数:7
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