Ultrasound appearance of tendon tears. Part 2: lower extremity and myotendinous tears

Traumatic tears of the musculotendinous complex at the lower limb are common in clinical practice but can be difficult to detect and to evaluate because of swelling and pain that can limit proper physical examination. They can affect sedentary subjects or active sports participants involved in amateur or professional activities. In the first group tendons are more commonly affected, while myotendinous tears are common in sports players. The aims of this review article are to review the aetiology and pathomechanism of the most common ruptures affecting the tendons and the main myotendinous junctions of the lower extremity and to describe their ultrasound findings as well as to correlate ultrasound appearance with that of the other imaging modalities.