Carbon and nitrogen cycles in European ecosystems respond differently to global warming

被引:101
作者
Beier, C. [1 ]
Emmett, B. A. [2 ]
Penuelas, J. [3 ]
Schmidt, I. K. [4 ]
Tietema, A. [5 ]
Estiarte, M. [3 ]
Gundersen, P. [4 ]
Llorens, L. [3 ]
Riis-Nielsen, T. [4 ]
Sowerby, A. [2 ]
Gorissen, A. [6 ]
机构
[1] Riso DTU, RISO Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
[2] Environm Ctr Wales, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Bangor, Bangor LL572UP, Gwynedd, Wales
[3] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CREAF Ctr Ecol Res & Foretry Applicat, CSIC CEAB, Ecophysiol & Global Change Unit, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
[4] Royal Vet & Agr Univ, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark
[5] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam Phys Geog, Ctr Geoecol Res ICG, NL-1018 WV Amsterdam, Netherlands
[6] Plant Res Int, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
基金
英国自然环境研究理事会;
关键词
Climate change; Global warming; Ecosystem effects; C & N interactions;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.10.001
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The global climate is predicted to become significantly warmer over the next century. This will affect ecosystem processes and the functioning of semi natural and natural ecosystems in many parts of the world. However, as various ecosystem processes may be affected to a different extent, balances between different ecosystem processes as well as between different ecosystems may shift and lead to major unpredicted changes. In this study four European shrubland ecosystems along a north-south temperature gradient were experimentally warmed by a novel nighttime warming technique. Biogeochemical cycling of both carbon and nitrogen was affected at the colder sites with increased carbon uptake for plant growth as well as increased carbon loss through soil respiration. Carbon uptake by plant growth was more sensitive to warming than expected from the temperature response across the sites while carbon loss through soil respiration reacted to warming in agreement with the overall Q10 and response functions to temperature across the sites. Opposite to carbon, the nitrogen mineralization was relatively insensitive to the temperature increase and was mainly affected by changes in soil moisture. The results suggest that C and N cycles respond asymmetrically to warming, which may lead to progressive nitrogen limitation and thereby acclimation in plant production. This further suggests that in many temperate zones nitrogen deposition has to be accounted for, not only with respect to the impact on water quality through increased nitrogen leaching where N deposition is high, but also in predictions of carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems under future climatic conditions. Finally the results indicate that on the short term the above-ground processes are more sensitive to temperature changes than the below ground processes. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:692 / 697
页数:6
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