A highly membrane-active peptide in Flock House virus: implications for the mechanism of nodavirus infection

被引:55
作者
Bong, DT
Steinem, C
Janshoff, A
Johnson, JE
Ghadiri, MR [1 ]
机构
[1] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
[2] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Biol Mol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
[3] Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
来源
CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY | 1999年 / 6卷 / 07期
关键词
Flock House nodavirus; gamma peptide; membrane permeability; RNA translocation; transfection mechanism;
D O I
10.1016/S1074-5521(99)80065-9
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Background: Nodaviruses are among the simplest animal viruses, and are therefore attractive systems for deconvoluting core viral processes such as assembly, infection and uncoating. Membrane translocation of the single-stranded RNA genome of nodaviruses has been proposed to be mediated by direct lipid-protein interactions between a past-assembly autocatalytic cleavage product from the capsomere and the target membrane. To probe the validity of this hypothesis, we have synthesized a 21-residue Met-->Nle (norleucine) variant of the amino-terminal helical domain (denoted here as gamma(1)) of the cleavage peptide in Flock House nodavirus (FHV) and studied its ability to alter membrane structure and function. Results: The synthetic peptide gamma(1) increases membrane permeability to hydrophilic solutes, as judged by fluorescence experiments with liposome-encapsulated dyes and ion-conductance measurements. Furthermore, peptide orientation and location within lipid bilayers was determined using tryptophan-fluorescence-quenching experiments and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy. Conclusions: The helical domain of the FHV cleavage product partitions spontaneously into lipid bilayers and increases membrane permeability, consistent with the postulated mechanism for viral genome translocation. The existence of a membrane-binding domain in the FHV cleavage sequence suggests peptide-triggered disruption of the endosomal membrane as a prelude to viral uncoating in the host cytoplasm, A model for this interaction is proposed.
引用
收藏
页码:473 / 481
页数:9
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