The effects of Fenton's reagent pretreatment on the biodegradability of nonionic surfactants

被引:177
作者
Kitis, M
Adams, CD [1 ]
Daigger, GT
机构
[1] Univ Missouri, Dept Civil Engn, Environm Engn Program, Rolla, MO 65409 USA
[2] Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Syst Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA
[3] CH2MHILL, Englewood, CO 80112 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Fenton's reagent; nonionic surfactant; alkylphenol ethoxylates; ethylene oxide; propylene oxide; advanced oxidation process; biodegradation;
D O I
10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00476-X
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The effectiveness of Fenton's reagent pretreatment on the biodegradability of selected nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs) ethylene oxide/propylene oxide (EO/PO) block copolymers and a nonsurfactant compound polypropylene glycol (PPG) was examined. Chemical oxidation kinetic studies were conducted that showed that the Fenton reaction was rapid at the base conditions used (approx. 1000 mg/L COD 1000 mg/L H2O2, H2O2,/Fe-II molar ratio of unity) based on dissolved organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, H2O2 and Fe-II removals. Batch aerobic bioassays were conducted to assess both the rate and the extent of biodegradability of the chemically preoxidized and unoxidized samples. A 12-L sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated aerobically to provide acclimated biomass for use in the bioassays. EO/PO block copolymers, PPGs and (to a lesser degree) NPEs were found to be biorecalcitrant, that is, resistant to biomineralization. Advanced oxidation pretreatment using Fenton's reagent was highly effective at enhancing the biodegradability of EO/PO block copolymers and PPG. The biodegradability of NPEs, however; decreased with low oxidant dosages and increased with higher oxidant dosages. Economic estimates showed that chemical costs would comprise more than 90% of the overall treatment costs for an integrated Fenton/activated sludge treatment system. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:2561 / 2568
页数:8
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