Inhibition of MCP-1/CCR2 Signaling Does Not Inhibit Intimal Proliferation in a Mouse Aortic Transplant Model

Background: Transplant arteriopathy is the leading cause of long term morbidity and mortality following heart transplantation. Animal models have demonstrated that monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 is induced early after transplant in cardiac and aortic allografts. We have previously reported that deficiency of MCP-1 or its receptor, CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), is associated with a reduction in intimal proliferation in a mouse femoral artery injury model. Using knockout mice, we have now examined the role of MCP-1 and CCR2 in the development of the intimal proliferation of transplant arteriopathy. Methods: C57BI/6 CCR2 and MCP-1 wild-type and knockout mice were used in the studies and aortic transplants were performed between Balb/c mice and C57BI/6 mice. Aortas from recipient animals were harvested 8 weeks after transplant. Results: Unlike arterial injury, in an aortic transplant model inhibition of MCP-1/CCR2 signaling did not result in reduced intimal proliferation. Conclusions: Despite a pathology that appears similar, the inflammatory mediators that regulate transplant arteriopathy differ from those regulating intimal proliferation secondary to wire injury. Our results suggest that targeting MCP-1/CCR2 signaling is not sufficient to block transplant arteriopathy across a complete MHC-mismatch barrier. Copyright (C) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.