NAD(P)H oxidase contributes to the progression of remote hepatic parenchymal injury and endothelial dysfunction, but not microvascular perfusion deficits

被引:23
作者
Dorman, RB
Wunder, C
Saba, H
Shoemaker, JL
MacMillan-Crow, LA
Brock, RW
机构
[1] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
[2] Univ Wurzburg, Klin & Poliklin Anasthesiol, Wurzburg, Germany
来源
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY | 2006年 / 290卷 / 05期
关键词
xanthine oxidase; intravital microscopy; inflammation;
D O I
10.1152/ajpgi.00246.2005
中图分类号
R57 [消化系及腹部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
Oxidative stress occurs in remote liver injury, but the origin of the oxidant generation has yet to be thoroughly delineated. Some reports suggest that the source of the distant oxidative stress originates from the site of initial insult [i.e., xanthine oxidase (XO)]; however, it could also be derived from sources such as phagocytic and/or vascular NAD(P)H oxidase (Nox) enzymes. With a murine model of bilateral hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion, we describe here a mechanism for Nox-dependent oxidant production that contributes, at least in part, to remote hepatic parenchymal injury and sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) dysfunction. To determine whether Nox enzymes were the source of oxidants, mice were treated immediately after the onset of hindlimb ischemia with specific inhibitors to XO (50 mg/kg ip allopurinol) or Nox (10 mg/kg ip gp91ds-tat and 3 mg/kg ip apocynin). After 1 h of ischemia, hindlimbs were reperfused for either 3 or 6 h. Inhibition of XO failed to provide any improvement in parenchymal injury, SEC dysfunction, neutrophil accumulation, or microvascular dysfunction. In contrast, the inhibition of Nox enzymes prevented the progression (6 h) of parenchymal injury, significantly protected against SEC dysfunction, and completely prevented signs of neutrophil-derived oxidant stress. At the same time, however, inhibition of Nox failed to protect against the early parenchymal injury and microvascular dysfunction at 3 h of reperfusion. These data confirm that microvascular perfusion deficits are not essential for the pathogenesis of remote hepatic parenchymal injury. The data also suggest that Nox enzymes, not XO, are involved in the progression of compromised hepatic parenchymal and endothelial integrity during a systemic inflammatory response.
引用
收藏
页码:G1025 / G1032
页数:8
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