AY-WB Phytoplasma Secretes a Protein That Targets Plant Cell Nuclei

被引:161
作者
Bai, Xiaodong [1 ]
Correa, Valdir R. [1 ]
Toruno, Tania Y. [1 ]
Ammar, El-Desouky [1 ]
Kamoun, Sophien [2 ,3 ]
Hogenhout, Saskia A. [1 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
[2] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
[3] Sainsbury Lab Norwich Res Pk, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England
[4] John Innes Ctr Plant Sci Res, Dept Dis & Stress Biol, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England
基金
英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会;
关键词
insect vector; leafhopper; mollicute; sec-dependent secretion; virulence protein; BACTERIAL TYPE-III; EFFECTOR PROTEINS; SIGNAL PEPTIDES; YELLOWS PHYTOPLASMA; FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; SPIROPLASMA-CITRI; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; INSECT VECTORS; ASTER YELLOWS; HOST;
D O I
10.1094/MPMI-22-1-0018
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The fully sequenced genome of aster yellows phytoplasma strain witches' broom (AY-WB; Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris) was mined for the presence of genes encoding secreted proteins based on the presence of N-terminal signal peptides (SP). We identified 56 secreted AY-WB proteins (SAP). These SAP are candidate effector proteins potentially involved in interaction with plant and insect cell components. One of these SAP, SAP11, contains an N-terminal SP sequence and a eukaryotic bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS). Transcripts for SAP11 were detected in AY-WB-infected plants. Yellow fluorescence protein (YFP)-tagged SAP11 accumulated in Nicotiana benthamiana cell nuclei, whereas the nuclear targeting of YFP-tagged SAP11 mutants with disrupted NLS was inhibited. The nuclear transport of YFP-SAP11 was also inhibited in N. benthamiana plants in which the expression of importin alpha was knocked down using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Furthermore, SAP11 was detected by immunocytology in nuclei of young sink tissues of China aster plants infected with AY-WB. In summary, this work shows that AY-WB phytoplasma produces a protein that targets the nuclei of plant host cells; this protein is a potential phytoplasma effector that may alter plant cell physiology.
引用
收藏
页码:18 / 30
页数:13
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