Training improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in resistance vessels of patients with heart failure

The effects of physical training on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in skeletal muscle resistance vessels were investigated in patients with heart failure. Forearm blood flows (ml.min(-1).100 ml(-1)) in response to brachial arterial administration of acetylcholine (5 x 10(-5) and 5 x 10(-4) M at 1 ml/min) and nitroglycerin(5 x 10(-6) and 5 x 10(-5) M at 1 ml/min) were determined by strain-gauge venous occlusion plethysmography before and after 8 wk. of daily handgrip exercise in 12 patients with chronic heart failure. After 8 mk of daily handgrip exercise, the vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine significantly increased from pretraining values, i.e., 16.6 +/- 2.0 vs. 8.6 +/- 1.3 ml.min(-1).100 ml-(1) (P < 0.05) and 27.5 +/- 1.5 vs. 14.6 +/- 1.7 ml.min(-1).100 ml(-1) (P < 0.05), respectively, whereas the vasodilatory responses to nitroglycerin did not change. Handgrip exercise training appears to specifically enhance endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the forearm skeletal muscle circulation of patients with heart failure.