Temperature controled photoelectron spectroscopic investigation of volatile species on PhS(100) surface

A special sample precooling technique has been utilised to preserve thin layers of volatile chemical species on the sample surface in ultra high vacuum conditions for investigation with conventional and synchrotron excited photoelectron spectroscopy. The precooling system has been constructed for the Scienta 300 electron spectrometer at the beam line 51 at MAX I synchrotron laboratory in Lund (Sweden) and it will be transferred to beam line 411 at the new MAX II storage ring. The spectrometer also includes a possibility for continuous temperature control of the sample during the measurement at temperature range 70 K - 450 K. In this work, temperature controlled measuring technique has been applied in a study of electrochemically treated PbS (100) surface. The measured sulfur 2p core level spectra clearly reveal a layer structure of elemental sulfur and metal polysulfides formed during anodic oxidation of PbS in acidic aqueous solution. Similar measuring technique can also be applied, e.g., in studies of adsorption layers on various substrates.