Temperature Can Influence Gastric Accommodation and Sensitivity in Functional Dyspepsia with Epigastric Pain Syndrome

Background Functional dyspepsia-epigastric pain syndrome (FD-EPS) is characterized pathophysiologically by visceral hypersensitivity, but the effect of the temperature stimulation on gastric function has been seldom studied. Aim The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of liquid nutrients at different temperatures on the gastric accommodation, sensitivity, and gastric-wall compliance of healthy subjects (HS) and FD-EPS patients. Methods Ten FD-EPS patients (Roma III criteria) and ten HS were recruited into the study. Intragastric pressure (IGP) and gastric perfusion were measured and compared following the administration of liquid nutrients at 37 degrees C on day 1 and at 8 degrees C on day 2. Results Seven patients developed abdominal discomfort or abdominal pain after being given cold liquid nutrient. The administration of liquid nutrient at 8 degrees C resulted in an increase of IGP in HS (P = 0.044), a significant decrease in gastric perfusion (P < 0.0001), a marked increase in IGP (P = 0.015), and a dramatic reduction in gastric wall compliance (P = 0.012) in patients compared to the effects of liquid nutrient at 37 degrees C. In addition, IGP in patients was lower than that in HS at 37 degrees C liquid nutrient (P = 0.036), and the gastric perfusion volume in patients at maximal satiety was also significantly reduced at 8 degrees C liquid nutrient compared with HS (P = 0.017). Conclusions Cold stimulation can increase the IGP in HS and FD-EPS patients, elevate the visceral sensitivity and reduce the gastric volume of FD-EPS patients. FD-EPS patients who are sensitive to cold may develop epigastric discomfort or pain.