A review of human disturbance effects on nesting colonial waterbirds

被引:282
作者
Carney, KM [1 ]
Sydeman, WJ [1 ]
机构
[1] Point Reyes Bird Observ, Stinson Beach, CA 94970 USA
来源
WATERBIRDS | 1999年 / 22卷 / 01期
关键词
behavior; disturbance; investigator; population; recreation; reproduction; stress; tourist; visitor; colonial waterbirds; seabirds;
D O I
10.2307/1521995
中图分类号
Q95 [动物学];
学科分类号
071002 ;
摘要
We reviewed 64 published investigations concerning effects of human disturbance on nesting colonial waterbirds. We summarized and reviewed articles, based on taxonomy, examining investigator, ecotourist, recreator, watercraft, and aircraft activity. effects on physiology, reproductive behavior, reproductive success, and population trends of waterbirds. Though most studies found significant negative effects, taking careful measures minimized impact on some species. Guidelines for minimizing investigator and visitor disturbance are outlined. Little practical information for visitor management is available. Increasing pressure from the ecotourism industry to visit waterbird colonies makes research that develops scientifically-defensible tourism policies imperative.
引用
收藏
页码:68 / 79
页数:12
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