Biologic effects of oil fly ash

被引:144
作者
Ghio, AJ
Silbajoris, R
Carson, JL
Samet, JM
机构
[1] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA
[2] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC USA
[3] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA
关键词
air pollution; lung diseases; oxidative stress; vanadium;
D O I
10.1289/ehp.02110s1189
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated increased human morbidity and mortality with elevations in the concentration of ambient air particulate matter (PM). Fugitive fly ash from the combustion of oil and residual fuel oil significantly contributes to the ambient air particle burden. Residual oil fly ash (ROFA) is remarkable in the capacity to provoke injury in experimental systems. The unique composition of this emission source particle makes it particularly useful as a surrogate for ambient air PM in studies of biologic effects testing the hypothesis that metals mediate the biologic effects of air pollution particles. A majority of the in vitro and animal model investigations support the postulate that transition metals present in ROFA (especially vanadium) participate in Fenton-like chemical reactions to produce reactive oxygen species. This is associated with tyrosine phosphorylation, nuclear factor kappa B and other transcription factor activation, induction of inflammatory mediator expression, and inflammatory lung injury. It is also evident that vanadium accounts for a significant portion of the biologic activity of ROFA. The extrapolation of this body of investigation on ROFA to the field of ambient air PM is difficult, as particles in numerous environments have such small amounts of vanadium.
引用
收藏
页码:89 / 94
页数:6
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