Chlorobiphenyls in suspension and sediment of the southern Baltic Sea: a mass balance calculation since the onset of PCB-production

The effect of the supply of chlorinated biphenyls by the river Oder into some adjacent areas of Baltic Sea was studied in nine sediment cores and in 10 suspended matter samples. Congener-specific analysis was carried out on 28 individual chlorobiphenyls (CBs). Sigma CB concentrations in suspension ranged from 2.4 pg dm(-3) in the southern Bornholm Basin to 986 pg dm(-3) in the Achterwasser. Sigma CB contents in surface sediment decreased with increasing distance from the river mouth. Highest contents were found in the Oderhaff (18 ng g(-1) dw) decreasing to 2 ng g(-1) dw in the Bornholm Basin. The Sigma CB contents generally decreased more or less regularly with increasing depth. The compositions of the CB mixtures in surficial sediment and suspension samples were rather similar, suggesting a common source. Compositions of the CB mixtures in the sediment cares showed distinct differences. These may reflect variations in source strength over time. Mass balance considerations on the basis of the 28 CBs resulted in an estimation of a total storage of approximate 733 +/- 158 kg Sigma CBs in the Oderhaff, Achterwasser, Greifswalder Bodden, Oder Rinne, Arkona Basin and Bornholm Basin in the past 65 years, covering the time period since CBs were first produced. Based on river data about 500 kg of Sigma CBs were supplied during this time by river Oder, that may thus be the major source of these compounds for the southern Baltic Sea. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.