How exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, outdoor air pollutants, and increased pollen burdens influences the incidence of asthma

被引:261
作者
Gilmour, M [1 ]
Jaakkola, MS
London, SJ
Nel, AE
Rogers, CA
机构
[1] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA
[2] Univ Birmingham, Inst Occupat & Environm Med, Birmingham, AL USA
[3] NIEHS, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA
[4] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA
[5] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA
关键词
air pollution; asthma; cigarette smoke; climate change; diesel exhaust; environment; inflammation; mechanisms; ozone; particulate matter; pollen;
D O I
10.1289/ehp.8380
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Asthma is a multifactorial airway disease that arises from a relatively common genetic background interphased with exposures to allergens and airborne irritants. The rapid rise in asthma over the past three decades in Western societies has been attributed to numerous diverse factors, including increased awareness of the disease, altered lifestyle and activity patterns, and ill-defined changes in environmental exposures. It is well accepted that persons with asthma are more sensitive than persons without asthma to air pollutants such as cigarette smoke, traffic emissions, and photochemical smog components. It has also been demonstrated that exposure to a mix of allergens and irritants can at times promote the development phase (induction) of the disease. Experimental evidence suggests that complex organic molecules from diesel exhaust may act as allergic adjuvants through the production of oxidative stress in airway cells. It also seems that climate change is increasing the abundance of aeroallergens Such as pollen, which may result in greater incidence or severity of allergic diseases. In this review we illustrate how environmental tobacco smoke, outdoor air pollution, and climate change may act as environmental risk factors for the development of asthma and provide mechanistic explanations for how some of these effects can occur.
引用
收藏
页码:627 / 633
页数:7
相关论文
共 76 条
[1]  
AAAAI, 2000, ALL REP
[2]   ESTIMATED LONG-TERM AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS OF PM(10) AND DEVELOPMENT OF RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS IN A NONSMOKING POPULATION [J].
ABBEY, DE ;
HWANG, BL ;
BURCHETTE, RJ ;
VANCUREN, T ;
MILLS, PK .
ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, 1995, 50 (02) :139-152
[3]   CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIC MATERIAL FROM GASOLINE EXHAUST PARTICLES [J].
ALSBERG, T ;
STENBERG, U ;
WESTERHOLM, R ;
STRANDELL, M ;
RANNUG, U ;
SUNDVALL, A ;
ROMERT, L ;
BERNSON, V ;
PETTERSSON, B ;
TOFTGARD, R ;
FRANZEN, B ;
JANSSON, M ;
GUSTAFSSON, JA ;
EGEBACK, KE ;
TEJLE, G .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 1985, 19 (01) :43-50
[4]  
[Anonymous], 2001, 3 ASS REP
[5]  
[Anonymous], RES PRIOR AIRB PART
[6]  
[Anonymous], 2000, CLEAR AIR ASTHM IND, DOI DOI 10.17226/9610
[7]   THE RESPONSE OF NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS TO THE RISING GLOBAL CO2 LEVELS [J].
BAZZAZ, FA .
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY AND SYSTEMATICS, 1990, 21 :167-196
[8]  
Bornehag CG, 2001, INDOOR AIR, V11, P72
[9]   Air pollution from traffic and the development of respiratory infections and asthmatic and allergic symptoms in children [J].
Brauer, M ;
Hoek, G ;
Van Vliet, P ;
Meliefste, K ;
Fischer, PH ;
Wijga, A ;
Koopman, LP ;
Neijens, HJ ;
Gerritsen, J ;
Kerkhof, M ;
Heinrich, J ;
Bellander, T ;
Brunekreef, B .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 2002, 166 (08) :1092-1098
[10]  
California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal EPA) Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 1997, HLTH EFF EXP ENV TOB