The constrained politics of the Svalbard offshore area

This study identifies some mechanisms through which external factors constrain state behavior. Examining Norwegian governance for the disputed Svalbard offshore area, it finds the behavior of Norway to be constrained in multiple ways by the conflicting policies of foreign powers toward the area. When shaping the management regime of the controversial maritime zones of the former terra nullius Svalbard, Norwegian authorities cautiously consider the possible international ramifications of their actions. Norway's behavior-not only manifested in policy but also in the exercise of contested legislative and enforcement jurisdiction-is curbed amid international disagreements over Norwegian rights in the area. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All fights reserved.