Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: What Are the Big Questions?

被引：918

作者：

Boxall, Alistair B. A. ^{[1
]}

Rudd, Murray A. ^{[1
]}

Brooks, Bryan W. ^{[2
]}

Caldwell, Daniel J. ^{[3
]}

Choi, Kyungho ^{[4
]}

Hickmann, Silke ^{[5
]}

Innes, Elizabeth ^{[6
]}

Ostapyk, Kim ^{[6
]}

Staveley, Jane P. ^{[7
]}

Verslycke, Tim ^{[8
]}

Ankley, Gerald T. ^{[9
]}

Beazley, Karen F. ^{[10
]}

Belanger, Scott E. ^{[11
]}

Berninger, Jason P. ^{[2
]}

Carriquiriborde, Pedro ^{[12
]}

Coors, Anja ^{[13
]}

DeLeo, Paul C. ^{[14
]}

Dyer, Scott D. ^{[11
]}

Ericson, Jon F. ^{[15
]}

Gagne, Francois ^{[16
]}

Giesy, John P. ^{[17
]}

Gouin, Todd ^{[18
]}

Hallstrom, Lars ^{[19
]}

Karlsson, Maja V. ^{[1
]}

Larsson, D. G. Joakim ^{[20
]}

Lazorchak, James M. ^{[21
]}

Mastrocco, Frank ^{[15
]}

McLaughlin, Alison ^{[6
]}

McMaster, Mark E. ^{[22
]}

Meyerhoff, Roger D. ^{[23
]}

Moore, Roberta ^{[6
]}

Parrott, Joanne L. ^{[22
]}

Snape, Jason R. ^{[24
]}

Murray-Smith, Richard ^{[24
]}

Servos, Mark R. ^{[25
]}

Sibley, Paul K. ^{[26
]}

Straub, Juerg Oliver ^{[27
]}

Szabo, Nora D. ^{[28
]}

Topp, Edward ^{[29
]}

Tetreault, Gerald R. ^{[25
]}

Trudeau, Vance L. ^{[28
]}

Van Der Kraak, Glen ^{[26
]}

机构：

[1] Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England

[2] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA

[3] Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ USA

[4] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea

[5] Umweltbundesamt, Dessau, Germany

[6] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada

[7] Exponent, Cary, NC USA

[8] Gradient, Cambridge, MA USA

[9] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA

[10] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada

[11] Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH USA

[12] Univ Nacl La Plata, Fac Ciencias Exactas, Ctr Invest Medio Ambiente, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

[13] ECT Oekotoxikol GmbH, Florsheim am Main, Germany

[14] Amer Cleaning Inst, Washington, DC USA

[15] Pfizer Inc, New York, NY USA

[16] Environm Canada, Montreal, PQ, Canada

[17] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

[18] Unilever, Colworth, Beds, England

[19] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

[20] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden

[21] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA

[22] Environm Canada, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada

[23] Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA

[24] AstraZeneca UK Ltd, Brixham, Devon, England

[25] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

[26] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada

[27] F Hoffmann La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland

[28] Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON, Canada

[29] Agr & Agri Food Canada, London, ON, Canada

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES | 2012年 / 120卷 / 09期

关键词：

antibiotic resistance; ecotoxicity; exposure assessment; health effects; personal care products; pharmaceuticals; prioritization; risk assessment; risk management; PROMOTING HUMAN HEALTH; TO-CRADLE STEWARDSHIP; VETERINARY MEDICINES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; WATER; SOILS; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; RESIDUES; DRUGS;

D O I：

10.1289/ehp.1104477

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

BACKGROUND: Over the past 10-15 years, a substantial amount of work has been done by the scientific, regulatory, and business communities to elucidate the effects and risks of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment. OBJECTIVE: This review was undertaken to identify key outstanding issues regarding the effects of PPCPs on human and ecological health in order to ensure that future resources will be focused on the most important areas. DATA SOURCES: To better understand and manage the risks of PPCPs in the environment, we used the "key question" approach to identify the principle issues that need to be addressed. Initially, questions were solicited from academic, government, and business communities around the world. A list of 101 questions was then discussed at an international expert workshop, and a top-20 list was developed. Following the workshop, workshop attendees ranked the 20 questions by importance. DATA SYNTHESIS: The top 20 priority questions fell into seven categories: a) prioritization of substances for assessment, b) pathways of exposure, c) bioavailability and uptake, a effects characterization, e) risk and relative risk, f) antibiotic resistance, and g) risk management. CONCLUSIONS: A large body of information is now available on PPCPs in the environment. This exercise prioritized the most critical questions to aid in development of future research programs on the topic.

引用

页码：1221 / 1229

页数：9

共 76 条

[1] Repeating history: Pharmaceuticals in the environment [J].