Liver and white muscle protein turnover rates in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla):: effects of dietary protein quality

The influence of the quality of dietary protein source on growth and protein synthesis and degradation rates was studied in the liver and white muscle of the European eel. Fish were fed isonitrogenous diets differing in protein source: one (control) contained fish meal, three others incorporating meat meal (MM) or sunflower meal (SFM) as the only protein source, and SFM supplemented with some essential amino acids (EAAs) were also tested. Fish fed diets containing unsupplemented MM or SFM exhibited dietary utilization and growth indices poorer than those fed the control, while EAA supplementation greatly improved the performance of the SFM-diet. Liver showed higher rates of protein synthesis (k(s)) and degradation (k(d)) associated with a higher capacity for protein synthesis per unit of DNA but a lower protein deposition efficiency (PDE), compared to muscle. Low quality dietary protein increased the protein turnover rate, with a higher protein synthesis rate per unit of DNA and RNA but a decrease of PDE. In white muscle, MM and unsupplemented SFM diets decreased k(s) without changing k(d). The MM diet reduced the efficiency of protein synthesis and deposition. EAA supplementation of the SFM diet raised the protein synthesis rate and capacity as well as protein deposition compared to control values. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.