The ICECUBE prototype string in AMANDA

被引：17

作者：

Ackermann, M

Ahrens, J

Bai, X

Bartelt, M

Barwick, SW

Bay, R

Becka, T

Becker, JK

Becker, KH

Bernardini, E

Bertrand, D

Boersma, DJ

Böser, S

Botner, O

Bouchta, A

Bouhali, O

Braun, J

Buress, C

Burgess, T

Castermans, T

Chinowsky, W

Chirkin, D

Conrad, J

Cooley, J

Cowen, DF

Davour, A

De Clercq, C

DeYoung, T

Desiati, P

Ekström, P

Feser, T

Gaug, M

Gaisser, TK

Ganugapati, R

Geenen, H

Gerhardt, L

Goldschmidt, A

Gross, A

Hallgren, A

Halzen, F

Hanson, K

Hardtke, R

Harenberg, T

Hauschildt, T

Helbing, K ^{[1
]}

Hellwig, M

Herquet, P

Hill, GC

Hubert, D

Hughey, B

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[2] DESY Zeuthen, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany

[3] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany

[4] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[5] Univ Dortmund, Inst Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany

[6] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[7] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[8] BU Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany

[9] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, Brussels, Belgium

[10] Uppsala Univ, Div High Energy Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden

[11] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[12] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[13] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium

[14] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[15] Free Univ Brussels, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[16] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[17] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England

[18] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA

[19] Univ Kalmar, Dept Chem & Biomed Sci, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden

[20] Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Fis, Caracas 1080, Venezuela

来源：

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT | 2006年 / 556卷 / 01期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

neutrino telescope; AMANDA; ICECUBE; signal digitization;

D O I：

10.1016/j.nima.2005.10.029

中图分类号：

TH7 [仪器、仪表];

学科分类号：

0804 ; 080401 ; 081102 ;

摘要：

The Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA) is a high-energy neutrino telescope. It is a lattice of optical modules (OM) installed in the clear ice below the South Pole Station. Each OM contains a photomultiplier tube (PMT) that detects photons of Cherenkov light generated in the ice by muons and electrons. ICECUBE is a cubic-kilometer-sized expansion of AMANDA currently being built at the South Pole. In ICECUBE the PMT signals are digitized already in the optical modules and transmitted to the surface. A prototype string of 41 OMs equipped with this new all-digital technology was deployed in the AMANDA array in the year 2000. In this paper we describe the technology and demonstrate that this string serves as a proof of concept for the ICECUBE array. Our investigations show that the OM timing accuracy is 5 ns. Atmospheric muons are detected in excellent agreement with expectations with respect to both angular distribution and absolute rate. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：169 / 181

页数：13

共 19 条

[1] Muon track reconstruction and data selection techniques in AMANDA
Ahrens, J
Bai, X
Bay, R
Barwick, SW
Becka, T
Becker, JK
Becker, KH
Bernardini, E
Bertrand, D
Biron, A
Boersma, DJ
Böser, S
Botner, O
Bouchta, A
Bouhali, O
Burgess, T
Carius, S
Castermans, T
Chirkin, D
Collin, B
Conrad, J
Cooley, J
Cowen, DF
Davour, A
De Clercq, C
DeYoung, T
Desitati, P
Dewulf, JP
Ekström, P
Feser, T
Gaug, M
Gaisser, TK
Ganugapati, R
Geenen, H
Gerhardt, L
Gross, A
Goldschmidt, A
Hallgren, A
Halzen, F
Hanson, K
Hardtke, R
Harenberg, T
Hauschildt, T
Helbing, K
Hellwig, M
Herquet, P
Hill, GC
Hubert, D
Hughey, B
Hulth, PO
[J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2004, 524 (1-3) : 169 - 194
[2] Sensitivity of the IceCube detector to astrophysical sources of high energy muon neutrinos
Ahrens, J
Bahcall, JN
Bai, X
Bay, RC
Becka, T
Becker, KH
Berley, D
Bernardini, E
Bertrand, D
Besson, DZ
Biron, A
Blaufuss, E
Boersma, DJ
Böser, S
Bohm, C
Botner, O
Bouchta, A
Bouhali, O
Burgess, T
Carithers, W
Castermans, T
Cavin, J
Chinowsky, W
Chirkin, D
Collin, B
Conrad, J
Cooley, J
Cowen, DF
Davour, A
De Clercq, C
DeYoung, T
Desiati, P
Ehrlich, R
Ellsworth, RW
Evenson, PA
Fazely, AR
Feser, T
Gaisser, TK
Gallagher, J
Ganugapati, R
Geenen, H
Goldschmidt, A
Goodman, JA
Gunasingha, RM
Hallgren, A
Halzen, F
Hanson, K
Hardtke, R
Hauschildt, T
Hays, D
[J]. ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2004, 20 (05) : 507 - 532
[3] The AMANDA neutrino telescope:: principle of operation and first results
Andres, E
Askebjer, P
Barwick, SW
Bay, R
Bergström, L
Biron, A
Booth, J
Bouchta, A
Carius, S
Carlson, M
Cowen, D
Dalberg, E
DeYoung, T
Ekström, P
Erlandson, B
Goobar, A
Gray, L
Hallgren, A
Halzen, F
Hardtke, R
Hart, S
He, Y
Heukenkamp, H
Hill, G
Hulth, PO
Hundertmark, S
Jacobsen, J
Jones, A
Kandhadai, V
Karle, A
Koci, B
Lindahl, P
Liubarsky, I
Leuthold, M
Lowder, DM
Marciniewski, P
Mikolajski, T
Miller, T
Miocinovic, P
Mock, P
Morse, R
Niessen, P
de los Heros, CP
Porrata, R
Potter, D
Price, PB
Przybylski, G
Richards, A
Richter, S
Romenesko, P
[J]. ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2000, 13 (01) : 1 - 20
[4] Observation of high-energy neutrinos using Cerenkov detectors embedded deep in Antarctic ice
Andrés, E
Askebjer, P
Bai, X
Barouch, G
Barwick, SW
Bay, TC
Becker, KH
Bergström, L
Bertrand, D
Bierenbaum, D
Biron, A
Booth, J
Botner, O
Bouchta, A
Boyce, MM
Carius, S
Chen, A
Chirkin, D
Conrad, J
Cooley, J
Costa, CGS
Cowen, DF
Dailing, J
Dalberg, E
DeYoung, T
Desiati, P
Dewulf, JP
Doksus, P
Edsjö, J
Ekström, P
Erlandsson, B
Feser, T
Gaug, M
Goldschmidt, A
Goobar, A
Gray, L
Haase, H
Hallgren, A
Halzen, F
Hanson, K
Hardtke, R
He, YD
Hellwig, M
Heukenkamp, H
Hill, GC
Hulth, PO
Hundertmark, S
Jacobsen, J
Kandhadai, V
Karle, A
[J]. NATURE, 2001, 410 (6827) : 441 - 443
[5] UV and optical light transmission properties in deep ice at the South Pole
Askebjer, P
Barwick, SW
Bergstrom, L
Bouchta, A
Carius, S
Dalberg, E
Erlandsson, B
Goobar, A
Gray, L
Hallgren, A
Halzen, F
Heukenkamp, H
Hulth, PO
Hundertmark, S
Jacobsen, J
Kandhadai, V
Karle, A
Liubarsky, I
Lowder, D
Miller, T
Mock, P
Morse, R
Porrata, R
Price, PB
Richards, A
Rubinstein, H
Schneider, E
Spiering, C
Streicher, O
Sun, Q
Thon, T
Tilav, S
Wischnewski, R
Walck, C
Yodh, G
[J]. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 1997, 24 (11) : 1355 - 1358
[6] ASKEBJER P, 1997, APPL OPT, V36
[7] CARMONA E, 2001, ICRC 2001
[8] CHIRKIN D, 2004, HEPPH0407075
[9] CHIRKIN D, 2003, THESIS UC BERKELEY
[10] A METHOD FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF MINIMUM-REDUNDANCY CODES
HUFFMAN, DA
[J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTE OF RADIO ENGINEERS, 1952, 40 (09): : 1098 - 1101

← 1 2 →