A novel clinical evaluation of childhood incontinence and urinary urgency

Purpose: There are few clinic based objective tools for the evaluation of urinary urgency and incontinence in children. We report on the known method of frequency volume chart, and describe 2 new tools to determine their effectiveness and reliability. Materials and Methods: The mean and standard deviation values for affected children in each age group from 5 to 12 years were calculated from 321 consecutive frequency volume charts. Two new child-based scoring tools quantifying urinary urgency were developed to measure the sensation of urgency and the intensity of response at urge (visual analog score 1 and 2). These tools were tested for reliability. As the quantification of incontinence is problematic in children, a new system of documenting functional severity of leakage: per day was designed (Dry Pie) and also tested for reliability. Results: Age related mean bladder storage volumes and standard deviations were established for children with incontinence. The novel urgency visual analog measure proved reliable, although only scale 2 would be useful in clinical practice. The incontinence Dry Pie diary was also shown to be reliable for 2 weeks and easily completed at home by the children. Conclusions: As a result of this study clinic based intervention can include reliable quantification of urinary urgency (visual analog scale 2) and a functional measure of the severity of incontinence (Dry Pie).